7 Key Differences in Alimony Regulations for Married and Unmarried Couples in Russia

• Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Marital Status Requirements for Alimony Eligibility
  • Calculation of Alimony Payments for Married Couples
  • Calculation of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples
  • Duration of Alimony Payments for Married Couples
  • Duration of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples
  • Enforcement of Alimony Payments for Married Couples
  • Enforcement of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples
  • Tax Implications of Alimony Payments for Married Couples
  • Tax Implications of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples
  • Changes in Alimony Regulations for Married and Unmarried Couples in Russia
  • Q&A
  • Conclusion

“Navigating the complexities of alimony regulations in Russia for both married and unmarried couples.”

Introduction

Introduction:

Alimony regulations in Russia differ for married and unmarried couples in several key ways. Understanding these differences is crucial for individuals navigating the legal system in matters of financial support following a separation or divorce. Here are 7 key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia.

Marital Status Requirements for Alimony Eligibility

Alimony, also known as spousal support, is a legal obligation for one spouse to provide financial support to the other spouse after a divorce or separation. In Russia, alimony regulations differ for married and unmarried couples. Understanding these differences is crucial for individuals navigating the complexities of family law in Russia.

One key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the marital status requirements for alimony eligibility. In the case of married couples, alimony is typically awarded as part of the divorce settlement. The court will consider factors such as the length of the marriage, the financial needs of each spouse, and the earning capacity of each spouse when determining the amount of alimony to be paid.

On the other hand, unmarried couples do not have the same legal rights to alimony as married couples. In Russia, there is no legal obligation for one partner to provide financial support to the other partner after a breakup. This means that unmarried couples must rely on other legal mechanisms, such as property rights or child support, to secure financial support after a separation.

Another key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the duration of alimony payments. In the case of married couples, alimony payments may be temporary or permanent, depending on the circumstances of the divorce. Temporary alimony is typically awarded for a specific period of time to allow the receiving spouse to become financially independent. Permanent alimony, on the other hand, may be awarded in cases where one spouse is unable to support themselves due to factors such as age or disability.

For unmarried couples, there is no legal requirement for one partner to provide financial support to the other partner after a breakup. This means that alimony payments are not typically awarded in cases of unmarried couples. However, unmarried couples may still be able to secure financial support through other legal mechanisms, such as property rights or child support.

It is important for individuals in Russia to be aware of these key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples. Understanding the legal rights and obligations associated with alimony can help individuals make informed decisions about their financial future after a divorce or separation.

In conclusion, alimony regulations in Russia differ for married and unmarried couples. Marital status requirements, duration of alimony payments, and other factors play a significant role in determining the financial support available to individuals after a breakup. By understanding these key differences, individuals can navigate the complexities of family law in Russia with confidence and clarity.

Calculation of Alimony Payments for Married Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia can vary depending on whether a couple is married or unmarried. When it comes to calculating alimony payments for married couples, there are several key differences to be aware of.

One of the main differences is that in the case of a divorce, alimony payments for a married couple are typically determined by a court. The court will take into account factors such as the income and financial situation of both parties, as well as the needs of any children involved. The goal is to ensure that the spouse receiving alimony is able to maintain a standard of living similar to what they had during the marriage.

Another important factor in calculating alimony payments for married couples is the length of the marriage. In Russia, the longer a couple has been married, the higher the alimony payments are likely to be. This is because the court will take into account the contributions each spouse made to the marriage over the years, as well as the financial impact of the divorce on each party.

In addition, alimony payments for married couples in Russia are typically paid on a monthly basis. The amount of the payments can be adjusted over time if there are changes in the financial situation of either party. This ensures that the spouse receiving alimony is able to meet their financial needs as they move forward after the divorce.

For unmarried couples, the calculation of alimony payments is a bit different. In Russia, unmarried couples do not have the same legal rights and protections as married couples when it comes to alimony. This means that if an unmarried couple separates, there is no automatic requirement for one partner to provide financial support to the other.

However, there are some circumstances in which an unmarried partner may be entitled to alimony. For example, if the couple has children together, the parent who has primary custody may be able to seek financial support from the other parent. This is done through a separate legal process, rather than through the divorce courts.

Another key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the duration of the payments. For married couples, alimony payments may be required for a set period of time, or until certain conditions are met. For unmarried couples, there is no automatic requirement for ongoing financial support.

Overall, the calculation of alimony payments for married and unmarried couples in Russia is a complex process that takes into account a variety of factors. Whether a couple is married or unmarried can have a significant impact on the amount and duration of alimony payments. It is important for couples to be aware of these differences and seek legal advice if they are facing a separation or divorce.

Calculation of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia can vary significantly depending on whether a couple is married or unmarried. When it comes to calculating alimony payments for unmarried couples, there are several key differences that individuals should be aware of.

One of the main differences between alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the legal basis for the payment of alimony. In the case of married couples, alimony is typically based on the principle of mutual support and the financial needs of the spouse who is entitled to receive alimony. However, for unmarried couples, there is no legal obligation to provide financial support to a former partner, unless there is a written agreement in place.

Another important difference is the duration of alimony payments. In the case of married couples, alimony payments can be awarded for an indefinite period of time, depending on the financial circumstances of the parties involved. However, for unmarried couples, alimony payments are typically limited to a specific period of time, as determined by the court.

Additionally, the amount of alimony payments for unmarried couples is often calculated differently than for married couples. In the case of married couples, alimony payments are typically based on the income and financial resources of both parties, as well as the needs of the spouse who is entitled to receive alimony. However, for unmarried couples, alimony payments are usually based on the financial needs of the recipient, without taking into account the income or financial resources of the paying party.

Furthermore, the process of enforcing alimony payments for unmarried couples can be more challenging than for married couples. In the case of married couples, alimony payments are typically enforced through the court system, with the possibility of legal consequences for non-compliance. However, for unmarried couples, there is no legal mechanism in place to enforce alimony payments, unless there is a written agreement that has been registered with the court.

It is also important to note that the tax implications of alimony payments can differ for married and unmarried couples in Russia. In the case of married couples, alimony payments are typically tax-deductible for the paying party and taxable for the recipient. However, for unmarried couples, alimony payments are not tax-deductible or taxable, as there is no legal obligation to provide financial support to a former partner.

In conclusion, there are several key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia, particularly when it comes to calculating alimony payments. Individuals who are considering entering into a relationship or ending a relationship should be aware of these differences and seek legal advice to ensure that their rights and obligations are protected.

Duration of Alimony Payments for Married Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia can vary significantly depending on whether a couple is married or unmarried. One key difference between the two is the duration of alimony payments. For married couples, alimony payments are typically awarded for a set period of time, often based on the length of the marriage. This is intended to provide financial support to the spouse who may have sacrificed their own career or earning potential to support the family during the marriage.

In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same legal obligations when it comes to alimony payments. In Russia, there is no specific law that requires unmarried partners to provide financial support to each other after a relationship ends. This means that unmarried couples may not have the same financial protections as married couples when it comes to alimony.

Another key difference between alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the process for determining the amount of alimony payments. For married couples, alimony payments are typically calculated based on the income and financial needs of both spouses. This is done to ensure that the spouse receiving alimony is able to maintain a similar standard of living to what they had during the marriage.

For unmarried couples, however, there is no set formula for calculating alimony payments. This means that the amount of financial support provided by one partner to the other after a relationship ends can vary significantly. Without clear guidelines in place, unmarried couples may find it more challenging to negotiate fair and equitable alimony arrangements.

In addition to the duration and amount of alimony payments, another key difference between married and unmarried couples in Russia is the legal process for enforcing alimony agreements. For married couples, alimony agreements are typically included as part of a divorce decree, which is a legally binding document that outlines the terms of the divorce, including any alimony payments.

For unmarried couples, however, there is no formal legal process for enforcing alimony agreements. This means that if one partner fails to make alimony payments as agreed, the other partner may have limited legal recourse to enforce the agreement. Without the legal protections afforded to married couples, unmarried partners may face greater challenges in ensuring that alimony payments are made as agreed.

Furthermore, the tax implications of alimony payments can also differ for married and unmarried couples in Russia. For married couples, alimony payments are typically tax-deductible for the paying spouse and taxable income for the receiving spouse. This can have significant financial implications for both parties and may impact the amount of alimony that is ultimately paid.

In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same tax benefits when it comes to alimony payments. Without the ability to deduct alimony payments from their taxes, unmarried partners may find themselves facing higher financial burdens when it comes to providing financial support to a former partner.

Overall, the differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia highlight the importance of understanding the legal implications of a relationship status. Whether married or unmarried, individuals should be aware of their rights and obligations when it comes to alimony payments to ensure fair and equitable financial arrangements are in place.

Duration of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia differ significantly for married and unmarried couples. One key difference lies in the duration of alimony payments. For married couples, alimony payments are typically awarded for a set period of time, often based on the length of the marriage. However, for unmarried couples, the rules surrounding alimony payments can be more complex and less straightforward.

In Russia, unmarried couples do not have the same legal rights and protections as married couples when it comes to alimony. This means that the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples can vary greatly depending on the circumstances of the relationship and the individuals involved. In some cases, alimony payments may be awarded for a short period of time, while in others they may be ongoing.

One key factor that can influence the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples is the presence of children. If the couple has children together, the court may take this into consideration when determining the length of alimony payments. In these cases, alimony payments may continue until the child reaches a certain age or until they are no longer financially dependent on the receiving party.

Another factor that can impact the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples is the financial situation of the parties involved. If one party is significantly more financially stable than the other, the court may decide to award alimony payments for a longer period of time to help support the financially disadvantaged party. On the other hand, if both parties are financially independent, alimony payments may be awarded for a shorter period of time or not at all.

Additionally, the length of the relationship can also play a role in determining the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples. In some cases, alimony payments may be awarded for a longer period of time if the couple has been together for a significant amount of time. Conversely, if the relationship was short-lived, alimony payments may be awarded for a shorter period of time.

It is important for unmarried couples in Russia to be aware of the differences in alimony regulations compared to married couples. Understanding the factors that can impact the duration of alimony payments can help individuals navigate the legal system and ensure that their rights are protected.

In conclusion, the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples in Russia can vary greatly depending on a number of factors, including the presence of children, the financial situation of the parties involved, and the length of the relationship. By being informed about these differences, unmarried couples can better understand their rights and obligations when it comes to alimony payments.

Enforcement of Alimony Payments for Married Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia play a crucial role in ensuring financial support for individuals who are unable to support themselves after a divorce. However, there are significant differences in how alimony is enforced for married and unmarried couples in the country. Understanding these distinctions is essential for both parties involved in a divorce or separation.

For married couples in Russia, alimony payments are typically determined by a court order during divorce proceedings. The court takes into account various factors, such as the income and financial needs of both parties, the duration of the marriage, and the presence of children. Once the court issues a decision on alimony, it becomes legally binding, and failure to comply with the order can result in severe consequences.

Enforcement of alimony payments for married couples is typically carried out by the Federal Bailiff Service, which has the authority to collect payments from the paying spouse and transfer them to the receiving spouse. If the paying spouse fails to make payments, the bailiffs can take various measures to ensure compliance, such as seizing assets, garnishing wages, or even imposing fines or imprisonment.

On the other hand, unmarried couples in Russia do not have the same legal protections when it comes to alimony. In the absence of a court order, there is no obligation for one partner to provide financial support to the other after a separation. This can create significant challenges for individuals who were financially dependent on their partner during the relationship.

In cases where unmarried couples have children together, the situation becomes even more complex. While both parents have a legal obligation to support their children, there is no automatic right to alimony for the custodial parent. This can lead to disputes over child support payments and financial responsibility for the children’s upbringing.

Unlike married couples, unmarried partners do not have the option to seek enforcement of alimony payments through the court system. Instead, they must rely on informal agreements or mediation to resolve financial issues after a separation. This lack of legal protection can leave vulnerable individuals at a significant disadvantage when it comes to securing financial support from their former partner.

Another key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the duration of support payments. In cases of divorce, alimony payments are typically awarded for a specified period, which may be temporary or permanent depending on the circumstances of the case. However, for unmarried couples, there is no set timeframe for financial support, and payments may be subject to change or termination at any time.

Overall, the differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia highlight the importance of seeking legal advice and guidance when navigating financial issues after a separation. Understanding the rights and obligations of both parties can help ensure a fair and equitable resolution to alimony disputes. Whether married or unmarried, individuals should be aware of their legal rights and options when it comes to seeking financial support after a breakup.

Enforcement of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia can vary significantly depending on whether a couple is married or unmarried. While both married and unmarried couples may be entitled to alimony payments, there are key differences in how these payments are enforced. Understanding these differences is crucial for both parties involved in a separation or divorce.

One of the main differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the legal basis for the payments. In the case of married couples, alimony is typically governed by the Family Code of the Russian Federation. This code outlines the rights and obligations of spouses in a marriage, including the obligation to provide financial support to a former spouse in need. Unmarried couples, on the other hand, do not have the same legal framework to rely on when it comes to alimony payments.

Another key difference is the process for enforcing alimony payments. In the case of married couples, the court has the authority to order one spouse to pay alimony to the other. If the paying spouse fails to make the payments, the receiving spouse can take legal action to enforce the court’s order. This may include garnishing wages, seizing assets, or even imprisonment for non-payment.

For unmarried couples, enforcing alimony payments can be more challenging. Since there is no legal framework specifically governing alimony for unmarried couples, the process for enforcing payments is less clear. In some cases, the receiving partner may need to rely on contract law or other legal mechanisms to enforce the payment of alimony.

Additionally, the amount of alimony that can be awarded may differ for married and unmarried couples. In the case of married couples, the court will consider a variety of factors when determining the amount of alimony to be paid, including the income and assets of both spouses, the length of the marriage, and the needs of the receiving spouse. For unmarried couples, the amount of alimony may be more difficult to determine, as there is no legal framework to guide the court in making this decision.

Another key difference is the duration of alimony payments. In the case of married couples, alimony payments may be awarded for a specific period of time, such as until the receiving spouse is able to support themselves or until they remarry. For unmarried couples, the duration of alimony payments may be less clear, as there is no legal framework to guide the court in determining how long payments should continue.

Furthermore, the tax implications of alimony payments may differ for married and unmarried couples. In Russia, alimony payments made by a spouse to their former partner are generally tax-deductible for the paying spouse and taxable for the receiving spouse. However, the tax treatment of alimony payments for unmarried couples may vary depending on the specific circumstances of the case.

In conclusion, there are several key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia. Understanding these differences is essential for both parties involved in a separation or divorce, as they can have a significant impact on the enforcement, amount, duration, and tax treatment of alimony payments. By being aware of these differences, couples can better navigate the legal system and ensure that their rights and obligations are protected.

Tax Implications of Alimony Payments for Married Couples

Alimony, also known as spousal support, is a financial obligation that one spouse may have to pay to the other after a divorce or separation. In Russia, alimony regulations differ for married and unmarried couples, with specific rules governing the tax implications of alimony payments for married couples.

For married couples in Russia, alimony payments are considered a tax-deductible expense for the paying spouse. This means that the paying spouse can deduct the amount of alimony paid from their taxable income, reducing their overall tax liability. However, there are certain conditions that must be met in order for alimony payments to be tax-deductible. For example, the alimony payments must be made in accordance with a court order or written agreement, and the paying spouse must be able to provide documentation to support the payments.

On the other hand, for unmarried couples in Russia, alimony payments are not tax-deductible for the paying spouse. This means that the paying spouse cannot deduct the amount of alimony paid from their taxable income, resulting in a higher tax liability. Unmarried couples do not have the same legal obligations as married couples when it comes to alimony payments, and as a result, the tax implications are different.

Another key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the treatment of alimony payments for the receiving spouse. For married couples, alimony payments are considered taxable income for the receiving spouse. This means that the receiving spouse must report the alimony payments as income on their tax return and pay taxes on the amount received. However, for unmarried couples, alimony payments are not considered taxable income for the receiving spouse. This can have significant implications for the receiving spouse’s tax liability and overall financial situation.

In addition to the tax implications of alimony payments, there are also differences in the enforcement of alimony obligations for married and unmarried couples in Russia. For married couples, alimony obligations are legally enforceable through the courts. If a paying spouse fails to make alimony payments as required, the receiving spouse can take legal action to enforce the payments. This can include garnishing wages, seizing assets, or taking other legal measures to ensure that the alimony payments are made.

For unmarried couples, however, alimony obligations are not legally enforceable in the same way. While unmarried couples may have informal agreements regarding alimony payments, these agreements are not legally binding and cannot be enforced through the courts. This can create challenges for unmarried couples who are relying on alimony payments for financial support, as there may be limited options available for enforcing the payments.

Overall, the differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia can have significant implications for both the paying and receiving spouses. Understanding these differences and how they may impact your financial situation is important for anyone who is considering or currently involved in a spousal support arrangement. By being aware of the tax implications, enforcement mechanisms, and other key differences in alimony regulations, couples can make informed decisions about their financial future.

Tax Implications of Alimony Payments for Unmarried Couples

Alimony regulations in Russia can vary significantly depending on whether a couple is married or unmarried. One key difference between the two is the tax implications of alimony payments. For married couples, alimony payments are generally tax-deductible for the paying spouse and taxable income for the receiving spouse. However, for unmarried couples, the tax treatment of alimony payments can be quite different.

In Russia, alimony payments made by unmarried couples are not tax-deductible for the paying partner. This means that the paying partner cannot reduce their taxable income by the amount of alimony they pay. On the other hand, the receiving partner does not have to pay taxes on alimony payments they receive from an unmarried partner. This is in contrast to married couples, where alimony payments are considered taxable income for the recipient.

Another key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the duration of alimony payments. For married couples, alimony payments are typically awarded for a specific period of time, such as until the recipient spouse remarries or reaches a certain age. However, for unmarried couples, alimony payments are generally not awarded for a specific duration. Instead, they are typically based on the needs of the recipient partner and the financial resources of the paying partner.

Additionally, the amount of alimony that can be awarded to unmarried partners in Russia may be different from that for married couples. In general, alimony payments for unmarried couples are based on the needs of the recipient partner and the financial resources of the paying partner, rather than on a specific formula or guideline. This can result in more flexibility in determining the amount of alimony to be paid in unmarried relationships.

Furthermore, the process for enforcing alimony payments may differ for married and unmarried couples in Russia. For married couples, alimony payments are typically enforced through the court system, with the court having the authority to order the paying spouse to make payments to the receiving spouse. However, for unmarried couples, enforcing alimony payments can be more challenging, as there may not be a legal framework in place to compel the paying partner to make payments.

Another key difference in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the impact of cohabitation on alimony payments. In general, if a recipient partner in a married couple begins cohabiting with a new partner, their alimony payments may be reduced or terminated. However, for unmarried couples, cohabitation may not have the same impact on alimony payments, as there may not be a legal requirement to disclose cohabitation to the paying partner.

In conclusion, there are several key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia, including the tax implications of alimony payments, the duration and amount of alimony payments, the process for enforcing alimony payments, and the impact of cohabitation on alimony payments. Understanding these differences can help couples navigate the complexities of alimony regulations and ensure that their rights and obligations are protected.

Changes in Alimony Regulations for Married and Unmarried Couples in Russia

Alimony regulations in Russia have undergone significant changes in recent years, particularly in how they apply to married and unmarried couples. These changes reflect the evolving nature of relationships and family structures in Russian society. Understanding the key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples is crucial for individuals navigating the complexities of family law in Russia.

One of the most significant differences between alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia is the legal basis for the payment of alimony. In the case of married couples, alimony is typically awarded as part of a divorce settlement or court order. This means that the obligation to pay alimony is legally binding and enforceable by the courts. In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same legal obligation to pay alimony, as their relationship is not recognized under Russian law.

Another key difference is the duration of alimony payments. In the case of married couples, alimony payments may be awarded for a specified period of time or until certain conditions are met, such as the recipient spouse remarrying or becoming financially independent. In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same legal entitlement to ongoing alimony payments, as their relationship is not legally recognized as a marriage.

The amount of alimony awarded also differs between married and unmarried couples in Russia. In the case of married couples, alimony payments are typically based on the financial needs of the recipient spouse and the ability of the paying spouse to meet those needs. The court may take into account factors such as the length of the marriage, the standard of living during the marriage, and the financial resources of each spouse. In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same legal entitlement to alimony payments, as their relationship is not recognized as a marriage under Russian law.

The process for enforcing alimony payments also varies between married and unmarried couples in Russia. In the case of married couples, alimony payments are typically enforced through court orders and can be enforced through wage garnishment, property liens, or other legal means. In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same legal recourse to enforce alimony payments, as their relationship is not legally recognized as a marriage.

Child support is another important consideration in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia. In the case of married couples, alimony payments may include child support payments to ensure the financial well-being of any children from the marriage. The amount of child support is typically based on the financial needs of the child and the ability of the paying spouse to meet those needs. In contrast, unmarried couples do not have the same legal obligation to pay child support, as their relationship is not legally recognized as a marriage.

In conclusion, the differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia reflect the changing nature of relationships and family structures in Russian society. Understanding these differences is essential for individuals navigating the complexities of family law in Russia. Whether you are married or unmarried, it is important to be aware of your rights and obligations when it comes to alimony payments. By seeking legal advice and guidance, you can ensure that your interests are protected and that you are able to navigate the legal system effectively.

Q&A

1. Are alimony payments mandatory for married couples in Russia?
Yes, alimony payments are mandatory for married couples in Russia.

2. Are alimony payments mandatory for unmarried couples in Russia?
No, alimony payments are not mandatory for unmarried couples in Russia.

3. Are there specific regulations for calculating alimony payments for married couples in Russia?
Yes, there are specific regulations for calculating alimony payments for married couples in Russia.

4. Are there specific regulations for calculating alimony payments for unmarried couples in Russia?
No, there are no specific regulations for calculating alimony payments for unmarried couples in Russia.

5. Can alimony payments be modified for married couples in Russia?
Yes, alimony payments can be modified for married couples in Russia.

6. Can alimony payments be modified for unmarried couples in Russia?
No, alimony payments cannot be modified for unmarried couples in Russia.

7. Are there different tax implications for alimony payments for married and unmarried couples in Russia?
Yes, there are different tax implications for alimony payments for married and unmarried couples in Russia.

8. Are there different legal procedures for enforcing alimony payments for married and unmarried couples in Russia?
Yes, there are different legal procedures for enforcing alimony payments for married and unmarried couples in Russia.

9. Are there specific guidelines for determining the duration of alimony payments for married couples in Russia?
Yes, there are specific guidelines for determining the duration of alimony payments for married couples in Russia.

10. Are there specific guidelines for determining the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples in Russia?
No, there are no specific guidelines for determining the duration of alimony payments for unmarried couples in Russia.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the 7 key differences in alimony regulations for married and unmarried couples in Russia highlight the varying legal rights and responsibilities that each type of relationship carries. These differences include the requirement for marriage dissolution for alimony to be awarded, the lack of automatic entitlement to alimony for unmarried couples, and the potential for greater flexibility in alimony agreements for unmarried couples. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for individuals navigating the complexities of alimony laws in Russia.